Staining Guide
The staining on a tube well platform and/or domestic utensils is an indication of the underlying geology and redox condition. This guide describes the differences between red and black staining to assist you in identifying any staining on a given tube well.
Red Staining
Red staining is associated with iron reduction that may lead to the release of arsenic and will likely indicate unsafe drinking-water, particularly for shallow wells.
Black Staining
Black staining is associated with manganese reduction and will likely indicate safe drinking-water; any arsenic released due to manganese reduction will be absorbed back into the unreduced iron.
